Following the Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978, the global experts had agreed on the strategic role of primary health care in health systems. However, not many countries have the correct policy direction, good practice and a solid commitment to primary health care.
The implementation of Primary Health Care (PHC) often fails, even though the evidence on its excellence has been accumulated for decades from various countries around the world, including Indonesia, which currently has more than 10,000 Community Health Centers (Puskesmas).
Primary health services, such as Puskesmas, were supposed to be the key centers to perform promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative functions. However, the implementation of primary health services is still often hampered by technical and adaptive challenges.
